Global summit on Obesity, Diet and Nutrition January 18-19, 2021 Tokyo, Japan

Obesity is the abnormal accumulation of body fat, which usually exceeds 20% or more of a person's ideal body weight. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of illness, disability and death. The medical branch of obesity research and treatment is called obesity treatment. Since obesity has become a major health problem in the United States, obesity treatment has become an independent medical and surgical specialty.

Bariatric surgical procedures cause weight loss by restricting the amount of food the stomach can hold, causing malabsorption of nutrients, or by a combination of both gastric restriction and malabsorption. Bariatric procedures also often cause hormonal changes. Most weight loss surgeries today are performed using minimally invasive techniques (laparoscopic surgery).

Nutrition is defined as the processes by which an animal or plant takes in and utilises food substances. Essential nutrients include protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins, minerals and electrolytes. Normally, 85% of daily energy use is from fat and carbohydrates and 15% from protein.

Preventing obesity is very important. Once fat cells are formed, they will remain in your body forever. Although you can reduce the size of fat cells, you cannot get rid of them. Obesity experts suggest that the key to preventing weight gain is to monitor fat consumption rather than calories. Therefore, the National Cholesterol Education Program insists that only 30% of calories should come from fat. Because most people eat more than they think, keeping a detailed food diary is a useful way to assess eating habits.

Obesity in childhood may be a major risk factor for serious immediate and future health complications. A high BMI value in a child indicates that an epidemic of metabolic diseases such as heart disease and polygenic diseases may occur in the future. The early physical effects of obesity on adolescents include most of the children’s organs affected, gallstones, hepatitis, sleep apnea and increased intracranial pressure. Overweight children are also likely to grow up to become overweight adults. With the parents’ eating habits and the help of parents, children can be prevented from obesity by changing their daily eating habits. By not giving children high-calorie products, children can be encouraged to develop healthy habits. Young people should not be addicted to them. They should promote children's physical exercise through regular games and exercises Childhood Obesity Prevention.